3-Hydroxymorphinan, or 3HM is a metabolite of
Dextromethorphan (DXM) with low toxicity. It is obtained by both CYP2D6 metabolization of
3-Methoxymorphinan (3MM) and CYP3A4 metabolization of
Dextrorphan (DXO). 3HM exerts neuroprotective properties by protecting dopamine neurons. Astroglia mediates the 3-HM-induced neurotrophic effect by increasing the gene expression of neurotrophic factors, which is associated with increased acetylation of histone H3. Also, microglia participate in 3-HM-mediated neuroprotection by reducing MPTP-elicited reactive microgliosis.
3-Hydroxymorphinan (3HM)
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